Researchers are studying whether using estradiol patches continuously or in a cyclic pattern affects brain health, memory, stress, and decision-making differently after menopause. Findings from this study may help improve how hormone therapy is used and guide future menopause research.

You may be eligible for this study if you meet the following criteria.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Women in early postmenopause (12–48 months since final menstrual period)
• Have not used estradiol in the past 12 months
• Able to provide proof of normal mammogram, pap smear, and pelvic exam within the past 12 months
• Willing to use an estradiol patch and oral progesterone as part of this study
• Right-handed
• Able to undergo an MRI (e.g., no metal objects in the body, claustrophobia)
• No major or unstable medical conditions that would interfere with study participation
• Live in Colorado
• Ages 38-60

Participation lasts about 4 months and includes a mix of virtual visits, in-person visits, and at-home activities.

Step 1: Virtual Screening Visit
You will complete an online and virtual screening process to determine eligibility for the study.

Step 2: Baseline In-Person Visit
You will visit the CU Anschutz Medical Campus for questionnaires, thinking and decision-making tasks, a brain MRI scan, EEG recording, and collection of blood, urine, saliva, and hair samples.

Step 3: Estradiol Patch Treatment Period
Participants will wear an FDA-approved estradiol patch for approximately 3 months, either continuously or in a cyclic pattern. During this time, you will:

• Complete symptom diaries and brief at-home activities
• Use a home hormone testing device at certain points
• Participate in 8 mobile blood draw visits at your home or another convenient location

Step 4: Follow-Up Visit
Near the end of treatment, you will return for a second in-person visit similar to the baseline assessment, including MRI, EEG, questionnaires, and sample collection.

Step 5: Final Remote Visit
Some participants will take progesterone for 2 weeks, depending on medical history, followed by a final remote video visit to complete the study.

There is no cost for you to participate in our research study.